Daily Readings Audio | Daily Meditation | August 27, 2018 – September 2, 2018

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August 27, 2018

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DAILY MEDITATION
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Memorial of Saint Monica
Lectionary: 425

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Reading 1 2 Thes1:1-5, 11-12

Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy to the Church of the Thessalonians
in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:
grace to you and peace from God our Father
and the Lord Jesus Christ.

We ought to thank God always for you, brothers and sisters,
as is fitting, because your faith flourishes ever more,
and the love of every one of you for one another grows ever greater.
Accordingly, we ourselves boast of you in the churches of God
regarding your endurance and faith in all your persecutions
and the afflictions you endure.

This is evidence of the just judgment of God,
so that you may be considered worthy of the Kingdom of God
for which you are suffering.

We always pray for you,
that our God may make you worthy of his calling
and powerfully bring to fulfillment every good purpose
and every effort of faith,
that the name of our Lord Jesus may be glorified in you,
and you in him,
in accord with the grace of our God and Lord Jesus Christ.

Responsorial Psalm Ps 96:1-2a, 2b-3, 4-5

  1. (3) Proclaim God’s marvelous deeds to all the nations.
    Sing to the LORD a new song;
    sing to the LORD, all you lands.
    Sing to the LORD; bless his name.
    R. Proclaim God’s marvelous deeds to all the nations.
    Announce his salvation, day after day.
    Tell his glory among the nations;
    among all peoples, his wondrous deeds.
    R. Proclaim God’s marvelous deeds to all the nations.
    For great is the LORD and highly to be praised;
    awesome is he, beyond all gods.
    For all the gods of the nations are things of nought,
    but the LORD made the heavens.
    R. Proclaim God’s marvelous deeds to all the nations.

Alleluia Jn 10:27

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    My sheep hear my voice, says the Lord;
    I know them, and they follow me.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mt 23:13-22

Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples:
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites.
You lock the Kingdom of heaven before men.
You do not enter yourselves,
nor do you allow entrance to those trying to enter.

“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites.
You traverse sea and land to make one convert,
and when that happens you make him a child of Gehenna
twice as much as yourselves.

“Woe to you, blind guides, who say,
‘If one swears by the temple, it means nothing,
but if one swears by the gold of the temple, one is obligated.’
Blind fools, which is greater, the gold,
or the temple that made the gold sacred?
And you say, ‘If one swears by the altar, it means nothing,
but if one swears by the gift on the altar, one is obligated.’
You blind ones, which is greater, the gift,
or the altar that makes the gift sacred?
One who swears by the altar swears by it and all that is upon it;
one who swears by the temple swears by it
and by him who dwells in it;
one who swears by heaven swears by the throne of God
and by him who is seated on it.”

 

August 28 , 2018

« August 27  |  August 29 »

DAILY MEDITATION
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The scribes in particular devoted their whole lives to the study of God’s law contained in the five books of Moses (Torah). They took great pride in their knowledge and outward observance of the commandments and precepts of the laws of Moses. They further divided the 613 precepts of the Law of Moses into thousands of tiny rules and regulations. God’s law of love reveals what is truly important and necessary
The Scribes were very attentive to minute matters of little importance, but they neglected to care for the needy and the weak. Jesus admonished them because their hearts were not right. They were filled with pride and contempt for others who were not like themselves. They put unnecessary burdens on others while neglecting to show charity, especially to the weak and the poor. 

What was the point of Jesus’ important lesson? The essence of God’s commandments is rooted in love – love of God and love of neighbor, righteousness, and mercy. God is love and everything he does, including his justice and goodness, flows from his love for us. “Lord Jesus, fill me with your love and mercy that I may always think, speak, and treat others with fairness, loving-kindness, patience, and goodness.” Amen.

Memorial of Saint Augustine, Bishop and Doctor of the Church
Lectionary: 426

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Reading 1 2 Thes 2:1-3a, 14-17

We ask you, brothers and sisters,
with regard to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ
and our assembling with him,
not to be shaken out of your minds suddenly,
or to be alarmed either by a “spirit,” or by an oral statement,
or by a letter allegedly from us
to the effect that the day of the Lord is at hand.
Let no one deceive you in any way.

To this end he has also called you through our Gospel
to possess the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Therefore, brothers and sisters, stand firm
and hold fast to the traditions that you were taught,
either by an oral statement or by a letter of ours.

May our Lord Jesus Christ himself and God our Father,
who has loved us and given us everlasting encouragement
and good hope through his grace,
encourage your hearts and strengthen them
in every good deed and word.

Responsorial Psalm Ps 96:10, 11-12, 13

  1. (13b) The Lord comes to judge the earth.
    Say among the nations: The LORD is king.
    He has made the world firm, not to be moved;
    he governs the peoples with equity.
    R. The Lord comes to judge the earth.
    Let the heavens be glad and the earth rejoice;
    let the sea and what fills it resound;
    let the plains be joyful and all that is in them!
    Then shall all the trees of the forest exult.
    R. The Lord comes to judge the earth.
    Before the LORD, for he comes;
    for he comes to rule the earth.
    He shall rule the world with justice
    and the peoples with his constancy.
    R. The Lord comes to judge the earth.

Alleluia Heb 4:12

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    The word of God is living and effective,
    able to discern reflections and thoughts of the heart.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mt 23:23-26

Jesus said:
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites.
You pay tithes of mint and dill and cummin,
and have neglected the weightier things of the law:
judgment and mercy and fidelity.
But these you should have done, without neglecting the others.
Blind guides, who strain out the gnat and swallow the camel!

“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites.
You cleanse the outside of cup and dish,
but inside they are full of plunder and self-indulgence.
Blind Pharisee, cleanse first the inside of the cup,
so that the outside also may be clean.”

 

August 29 , 2018

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DAILY MEDITATION
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Saint Paul speaks of his fidelity to the Gospel and his love for the followers of Jesus. In the Gospel, John the Baptist pays the ultimate price for speaking the truth.

It is not easy to live a life faithful to Jesus. Mark Twain once said: “Truth is stranger than fiction, but it is because fiction is obliged to stick to possibilities; truth isn’t.” John the Baptist is clearly to fictional character. He spoke truth to power and to suffered greatly because of it. But that is power of truth: it compels us, and upholds us. And in the case of Jesus Christ – The Way, the Truth and the life – The truth saves us. Let us pray that local and national leaders may be granted the gift of fairness and honesty with the people they are called to serve. Amen.

Memorial of the Passion of Saint John the Baptist
Lectionary: 427/634

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Reading 1 2 Thes 3:6-10, 16-18

We instruct you, brothers and sisters,
in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ,
to shun any brother
who walks in a disorderly way
and not according to the tradition they received from us.
For you know how one must imitate us.
For we did not act in a disorderly way among you,
nor did we eat food received free from anyone.
On the contrary, in toil and drudgery, night and day we worked,
so as not to burden any of you.
Not that we do not have the right.
Rather, we wanted to present ourselves as a model for you,
so that you might imitate us.
In fact, when we were with you, we instructed you that
if anyone was unwilling to work, neither should that one eat.

May the Lord of peace himself
give you peace at all times and in every way.
The Lord be with all of you.

This greeting is in my own hand, Paul’s.
This is the sign in every letter; this is how I write.
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you.

Responsorial Psalm Ps 128:1-2, 4-5

  1. (1) Blessed are those who fear the Lord.
    Blessed are you who fear the LORD,
    who walk in his ways!
    For you shall eat the fruit of your handiwork;
    blessed shall you be, and favored.
    R. Blessed are those who fear the Lord.
    Behold, thus is the man blessed
    who fears the LORD.
    The LORD bless you from Zion:
    may you see the prosperity of Jerusalem
    all the days of your life.
    R. Blessed are those who fear the Lord.

Alleluia Mt 5:10

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    Blessed are those who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness,
    for theirs is the Kingdom of heaven.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mk 6:17-29

Herod was the one who had John the Baptist arrested and bound in prison
on account of Herodias,
the wife of his brother Philip, whom he had married.
John had said to Herod,
“It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife.”
Herodias harbored a grudge against him
and wanted to kill him but was unable to do so.
Herod feared John, knowing him to be a righteous and holy man,
and kept him in custody.
When he heard him speak he was very much perplexed,
yet he liked to listen to him.
She had an opportunity one day when Herod, on his birthday,
gave a banquet for his courtiers,
his military officers, and the leading men of Galilee.
Herodias’ own daughter came in
and performed a dance that delighted Herod and his guests.
The king said to the girl,
“Ask of me whatever you wish and I will grant it to you.”
He even swore many things to her,
“I will grant you whatever you ask of me,
even to half of my kingdom.”
She went out and said to her mother,
“What shall I ask for?”
She replied, “The head of John the Baptist.”
The girl hurried back to the king’s presence and made her request,
“I want you to give me at once
on a platter the head of John the Baptist.”
The king was deeply distressed,
but because of his oaths and the guests
he did not wish to break his word to her.
So he promptly dispatched an executioner with orders
to bring back his head.
He went off and beheaded him in the prison.
He brought in the head on a platter and gave it to the girl.
The girl in turn gave it to her mother.
When his disciples heard about it,
they came and took his body and laid it in a tomb.

 

August 30 , 2018

« August 29  |  August 31 »

DAILY MEDITATION
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Paul tells us in his First Letter to the Corinthians that they are sustained by Jesus, who called them to fellowship. In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus gives a stern warning that we need to be watchful and responsible in continuing the work we have been given to do, staying faithful even when God’s presence is not readily apparent.

Do what is right and remain faithful to the Gospel.

What do we teach our children? Have we ever said, “Behave in a way that would make your grandmother proud if she were watching you”? We hear the same message in the Gospel today when basically, Jesus is saying, “Do what is right, what you should be doing, even if it is not obvious to you that the Father is watching.” Even more than doing what is right, we must do the work we are called to do. So let us pray for those throughout the world who have not heard the Good News of salvation, may the proclamation of the Gospel reach to them. Amen.

Thursday of the Twenty-first Week in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 428

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Reading 1 1 Cor 1:1-9

Paul, called to be an Apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God,
and Sosthenes our brother,
to the Church of God that is in Corinth,
to you who have been sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be holy,
with all those everywhere who call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours.
Grace to you and peace from God our Father
and the Lord Jesus Christ.

I give thanks to my God always on your account
for the grace of God bestowed on you in Christ Jesus,
that in him you were enriched in every way,
with all discourse and all knowledge,
as the testimony to Christ was confirmed among you,
so that you are not lacking in any spiritual gift
as you wait for the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ.
He will keep you firm to the end,
irreproachable on the day of our Lord Jesus Christ.
God is faithful,
and by him you were called to fellowship with his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.

Responsorial Psalm PS 145:2-3, 4-5, 6-7

  1. (1) I will praise your name for ever, Lord.
    Every day will I bless you,
    and I will praise your name forever and ever.
    Great is the LORD and highly to be praised;
    his greatness is unsearchable.
    R. I will praise your name for ever, Lord.
    Generation after generation praises your works
    and proclaims your might.
    They speak of the splendor of your glorious majesty
    and tell of your wondrous works.
    R. I will praise your name for ever, Lord.
    They discourse of the power of your terrible deeds
    and declare your greatness.
    They publish the fame of your abundant goodness
    and joyfully sing of your justice.
    R. I will praise your name for ever, Lord.

Alleluia Mt 24:42a, 44

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    Stay awake!
    For you do not know when the Son of Man will come.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mt 24:42-51

Jesus said to his disciples:
“Stay awake!
For you do not know on which day your Lord will come.
Be sure of this:
if the master of the house
had known the hour of night when the thief was coming,
he would have stayed awake
and not let his house be broken into.
So too, you also must be prepared,
for at an hour you do not expect, the Son of Man will come.

“Who, then, is the faithful and prudent servant,
whom the master has put in charge of his household
to distribute to them their food at the proper time?
Blessed is that servant whom his master on his arrival finds doing so.
Amen, I say to you, he will put him in charge of all his property.
But if that wicked servant says to himself, ‘My master is long delayed,’
and begins to beat his fellow servants,
and eat and drink with drunkards,
the servant’s master will come on an unexpected day
and at an unknown hour and will punish him severely
and assign him a place with the hypocrites,
where there will be wailing and grinding of teeth.”

 

August 31 , 2018

« August 30  |  September 1 »

DAILY MEDITATION
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Paul’s letter to the Corinthians, he reminds the people that he preaches the message of the cross and calls for faith God’s wisdom. The Gospel of Matthew recounts the parable of the ten virgins, awaiting the coming of the bridegroom. Jesus likens it to the kingdom of heaven, where some will be prepared and some will not.

Live in holiness and be prepared, for we do not know when the Lord returns

The message of the cross is that the death and resurrection of Jesus enables our salvation. The promise is there, but we do not know when Jesus is coming. Sin numbs us spiritually and separates us from God. We should strive to live a daily life of holiness in expectation of his return, whenever it comes. Let us pray for the Church, may she grow in grace and strength and continue to be a force for good in the world. Amen.

Friday of the Twenty-first Week in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 429

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Reading 1 1 Cor 1:17-25

Brothers and sisters:
Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the Gospel,
and not with the wisdom of human eloquence,
so that the cross of Christ might not be emptied of its meaning.

The message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing,
but to us who are being saved it is the power of God.
For it is written:

I will destroy the wisdom of the wise,
and the learning of the learned I will set aside.

Where is the wise one?
Where is the scribe?
Where is the debater of this age?
Has not God made the wisdom of the world foolish?
For since in the wisdom of God
the world did not come to know God through wisdom,
it was the will of God through the foolishness of the proclamation
to save those who have faith.
For Jews demand signs and Greeks look for wisdom,
but we proclaim Christ crucified,
a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles,
but to those who are called, Jews and Greeks alike,
Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.
For the foolishness of God is wiser than human wisdom,
and the weakness of God is stronger than human strength.

Responsorial Psalm Ps 33:1-2, 4-5, 10-11

  1. (5) The earth is full of the goodness of the Lord.
    Exult, you just, in the LORD;
    praise from the upright is fitting.
    Give thanks to the LORD on the harp;
    with the ten stringed lyre chant his praises.
    R. The earth is full of the goodness of the Lord.
    For upright is the word of the LORD,
    and all his works are trustworthy.
    He loves justice and right;
    of the kindness of the LORD the earth is full.
    R. The earth is full of the goodness of the Lord.
    The LORD brings to nought the plans of nations;
    he foils the designs of peoples.
    But the plan of the LORD stands forever;
    the design of his heart, through all generations.
    R. The earth is full of the goodness of the Lord.

Alleluia Lk 21:36

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    Be vigilant at all times and pray,
    that you may have the strength to stand before the Son of Man.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mt 25:1-13

Jesus told his disciples this parable:
“The Kingdom of heaven will be like ten virgins
who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom.
Five of them were foolish and five were wise.
The foolish ones, when taking their lamps,
brought no oil with them,
but the wise brought flasks of oil with their lamps.
Since the bridegroom was long delayed,
they all became drowsy and fell asleep.
At midnight, there was a cry,
‘Behold, the bridegroom! Come out to meet him!’
Then all those virgins got up and trimmed their lamps.
The foolish ones said to the wise,
‘Give us some of your oil,
for our lamps are going out.’
But the wise ones replied,
‘No, for there may not be enough for us and you.
Go instead to the merchants and buy some for yourselves.’
While they went off to buy it,
the bridegroom came
and those who were ready went into the wedding feast with him.
Then the door was locked.
Afterwards the other virgins came and said,
‘Lord, Lord, open the door for us!’
But he said in reply,
‘Amen, I say to you, I do not know you.’
Therefore, stay awake,
for you know neither the day nor the hour.”

 

September 1, 2018

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DAILY MEDITATION
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Saint Paul addresses the people of Corinth, encouraging them to believe that God chooses people like themselves, the powerless and the lowly, to carry out God’s will. In the Gospel, Jesus tells his disciples the parable of the talents, teaching them how to care for the gifts they have received God.

God chooses the lowly and the powerless to carry out his plan.

God is infinitely generous in pouring out his grace on us. Grace nurtures the gifts and talents that God has given us. Among the gifts with which we have been entrusted are the theological virtues: faith, hope and love. Let us allow God to nurture these and all of our gifts with his grace. Let us pray all people, may the Spirit awaken every heart and mind to promote the dignity of human life from conception through natural death. Amen.

Saturday of the Twenty-first Week in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 430

Reading 1 1 Cor 1:26-31

Consider your own calling, brothers and sisters.
Not many of you were wise by human standards,
not many were powerful,
not many were of noble birth.
Rather, God chose the foolish of the world to shame the wise,
and God chose the weak of the world to shame the strong,
and God chose the lowly and despised of the world,
those who count for nothing,
to reduce to nothing those who are something,
so that no human being might boast before God.
It is due to him that you are in Christ Jesus,
who became for us wisdom from God,
as well as righteousness, sanctification, and redemption,
so that, as it is written,
Whoever boasts, should boast in the Lord.

Responsorial Psalm Ps 33:12-13, 18-19, 20-21

  1. (12) Blessed the people the Lord has chosen to be his own.
    Blessed the nation whose God is the LORD,
    the people he has chosen for his own inheritance.
    From heaven the LORD looks down;
    he sees all mankind.
    R. Blessed the people the Lord has chosen to be his own.
    But see, the eyes of the LORD are upon those who fear him,
    upon those who hope for his kindness,
    To deliver them from death
    and preserve them in spite of famine.
    R. Blessed the people the Lord has chosen to be his own.
    Our soul waits for the LORD,
    who is our help and our shield,
    For in him our hearts rejoice;
    in his holy name we trust.
    R. Blessed the people the Lord has chosen to be his own.

Alleluia Jn 13:34

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    I give you a new commandment:
    love one another as I have loved you.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mt 25:14-30

Jesus told his disciples this parable:
“A man going on a journey
called in his servants and entrusted his possessions to them.
To one he gave five talents; to another, two; to a third, one–
to each according to his ability.
Then he went away.
Immediately the one who received five talents went and traded with them,
and made another five.
Likewise, the one who received two made another two.
But the man who received one went off and dug a hole in the ground
and buried his master’s money.
After a long time
the master of those servants came back and settled accounts with them.
The one who had received five talents
came forward bringing the additional five.
He said, ‘Master, you gave me five talents.
See, I have made five more.’
His master said to him, ‘Well done, my good and faithful servant.
Since you were faithful in small matters,
I will give you great responsibilities.
Come, share your master’s joy.’
Then the one who had received two talents also came forward and said,
‘Master, you gave me two talents.
See, I have made two more.’
His master said to him, ‘Well done, my good and faithful servant.
Since you were faithful in small matters,
I will give you great responsibilities.
Come, share your master’s joy.’
Then the one who had received the one talent came forward and said,
‘Master, I knew you were a demanding person,
harvesting where you did not plant
and gathering where you did not scatter;
so out of fear I went off and buried your talent in the ground.
Here it is back.’
His master said to him in reply, ‘You wicked, lazy servant!
So you knew that I harvest where I did not plant
and gather where I did not scatter?
Should you not then have put my money in the bank
so that I could have got it back with interest on my return?
Now then! Take the talent from him and give it to the one with ten.
For to everyone who has,
more will be given and he will grow rich;
but from the one who has not,
even what he has will be taken away.
And throw this useless servant into the darkness outside,
where there will be wailing and grinding of teeth.'”

 

September 2, 2018

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DAILY MEDITATION
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In the first reading, Moses calls on God’s people to witness God’s blessings and presence in their midst by keeping his laws and commandments. In the second reading, James asks God’s people to follow the ways of God and not the ways of the worlds. In the Gospel, Jesus warns the Pharisees, scribes and the crowd not to simply observe human tradition and rituals. Rather, they need to look into their hearts and clean out evil thoughts.

Jesus, who is the fulfillment of God’s law and prophets, tells us how to live out God’s commandments.

Today, we think about the best way to live out God’s commandments, passed on to us through Moses, by witnessing God’s blessings and presence in our midst. We can go beyond our human tradition and rituals and desires. We practice it by caring for all who are vulnerable and in need. Let us pray for our faith community, may we be the doers of God’s Word and not hearers only, and reach out to those less fortunate. Amen.

Twenty-second Sunday in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 125

Reading 1 Dt 4:1-2, 6-8

Moses said to the people:
“Now, Israel, hear the statutes and decrees
which I am teaching you to observe,
that you may live, and may enter in and take possession of the land
which the LORD, the God of your fathers, is giving you.
In your observance of the commandments of the LORD, your God,
which I enjoin upon you,
you shall not add to what I command you nor subtract from it.
Observe them carefully,
for thus will you give evidence
of your wisdom and intelligence to the nations,
who will hear of all these statutes and say,
‘This great nation is truly a wise and intelligent people.’
For what great nation is there
that has gods so close to it as the LORD, our God, is to us
whenever we call upon him?
Or what great nation has statutes and decrees
that are as just as this whole law
which I am setting before you today?”

Responsorial Psalm Ps 15:2-3, 3-4, 4-5

  1. (1a) The one who does justice will live in the presence of the Lord.
    Whoever walks blamelessly and does justice;
    who thinks the truth in his heart
    and slanders not with his tongue.
    R. The one who does justice will live in the presence of the Lord.
    Who harms not his fellow man,
    nor takes up a reproach against his neighbor;
    by whom the reprobate is despised,
    while he honors those who fear the LORD.
    R. The one who does justice will live in the presence of the Lord.
    Who lends not his money at usury
    and accepts no bribe against the innocent.
    Whoever does these things
    shall never be disturbed.
    R. The one who does justice will live in the presence of the Lord.

Reading 2 Jas 1:17-18, 21b-22, 27

Dearest brothers and sisters:
All good giving and every perfect gift is from above,
coming down from the Father of lights,
with whom there is no alteration or shadow caused by change.
He willed to give us birth by the word of truth
that we may be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.

Humbly welcome the word that has been planted in you
and is able to save your souls.

Be doers of the word and not hearers only, deluding yourselves.

Religion that is pure and undefiled before God and the Father is this:
to care for orphans and widows in their affliction
and to keep oneself unstained by the world.

Alleluia Jas 1:18

  1. Alleluia, alleluia.
    The Father willed to give us birth by the word of truth
    that we may be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.
    R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Mk 7:1-8, 14-15, 21-23

When the Pharisees with some scribes who had come from Jerusalem
gathered around Jesus,
they observed that some of his disciples ate their meals
with unclean, that is, unwashed, hands.
—For the Pharisees and, in fact, all Jews,
do not eat without carefully washing their hands,
keeping the tradition of the elders.
And on coming from the marketplace
they do not eat without purifying themselves.
And there are many other things that they have traditionally observed,
the purification of cups and jugs and kettles and beds. —
So the Pharisees and scribes questioned him,
“Why do your disciples not follow the tradition of the elders
but instead eat a meal with unclean hands?”
He responded,
“Well did Isaiah prophesy about you hypocrites, as it is written:
This people honors me with their lips,
but their hearts are far from me;
in vain do they worship me,
teaching as doctrines human precepts.

You disregard God’s commandment but cling to human tradition.”

He summoned the crowd again and said to them,
“Hear me, all of you, and understand.
Nothing that enters one from outside can defile that person;
but the things that come out from within are what defile.

“From within people, from their hearts,
come evil thoughts, unchastity, theft, murder,
adultery, greed, malice, deceit,
licentiousness, envy, blasphemy, arrogance, folly.
All these evils come from within and they defile.”